summary of the FMO family of enzymes

The FMO′s are responsible for catalyzing the oxygenation of a variety of xenobiotic and drug compounds including environmental pollutants and carcinogens which contain a nucleophilic nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, or phosphorus-containing moiety associated with their respective oxides. These enzymes are classified as Phase I or oxidative drug metabolism enzymes.

Creative Biomart info on FMO family


The mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO; EC 1.14.13.8) represent a multigene family whose gene products are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of many tissues. These enzymes catalyze the NADPH-dependent oxidative metabolism of many drugs, pesticides, and other foreign compounds. Their substrates are soft nucleophiles with an electron-rich center, typically a nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus-containing functional group, as the site for oxidative attack by the enzyme (Ziegler, 1990 [PubMed 2203193]; Hines et al., 1994 [PubMed 8128486]).[supplied by OMIM]

Novusbio info on FMO family

Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO) are an important class of drug-metabolizing enzymes that catalyze the NADPH-dependent oxygenation of various nitrogen-,sulfur-, and phosphorous-containing xenobiotics such as therapeutic drugs, dietary compounds, pesticides, and other foreign compounds. The human FMO gene family is composed of 5 genes and multiple pseudogenes. FMO members have distinct developmental- and tissue-specific expression patterns. The expression of this FMO3 gene, the major FMO expressed in adult liver, can vary up to 20-fold between individuals. This inter-individual variation in FMO3 expression levels is likely to have significant effects on the rate at which xenobiotics are metabolised and, therefore, is of considerable interest to the pharmaceutical industry. This transmembrane protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum of many tissues. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein. Mutations in this gene cause the disorder trimethylaminuria (TMAu) which is characterized by the accumulation and excretion of unmetabolized trimethylamine and a distinctive body odor. In healthy individuals, trimethylamine is primarily converted to the non odorous trimethylamine N-oxide

Abnova info on FMO family

By sysbodyodor

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